Nature's Sunshine Products Inc

Item 1A. RISK FACTORS

In addition to the information set forth in this report, you should carefully consider the risks discussed under the heading Risk Factors in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, which could have a material adverse effect on our business or consolidated financial statements, results of operations and cash flows. Additional risks not currently known, or risks that are currently believed to be not material, may also impair business operations. There have been no material changes to our risk factors since the filing of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, except as follows:

Our global operations are subject to numerous laws and regulations relating to trade restrictions and export controls and failure to comply with such rules could adversely affect our business.

Our global operations are subject to numerous trade and economic sanctions and other restrictions imposed by the U.S., the EU and other governments and organizations. The U.S. Departments of Justice, Commerce, State and Treasury and other federal agencies and authorities have a broad range of civil and criminal penalties they may seek to impose against corporations and individuals for violations of economic sanctions laws, export control laws and other federal statutes and regulations, including those established by the Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC). Under these laws and regulations, as well as other anti-corruption laws, anti-money-laundering laws, export control laws, customs laws, sanctions laws and other laws governing our operations, various government agencies may require export licenses, may seek to impose modifications to business practices, including cessation of business activities in sanctioned countries or with sanctioned persons or entities and modifications to compliance programs, which may increase compliance costs and may subject us to fines, penalties and other sanctions. A violation of these laws, regulations, policies or procedures could adversely impact our business, results of operations and financial condition. 

For example, in November 2024 we began an internal investigation regarding our past compliance with relevant U.S. trade controls and made voluntary disclosures of apparent trade controls violations to the U.S. Department of Commerce's Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS). In addition, in April 2025 we filed a voluntary self-disclosure with the Office of Foreign Assets Control relating to the same internal investigation. We estimate that such potential violations being investigated represented less than one percent of our net revenue in each of our last three fiscal years. An unfavorable outcome of this investigation may include fines or penalties imposed in response to our voluntary disclosures. While we believe the amount of any fines or penalties would not be material to our financial condition and results of operation, we are unable to predict the outcome or to reasonably estimate the time it may take to resolve these matters. 

Although we have implemented policies and procedures in these areas, we cannot assure you that our policies and procedures are sufficient or that directors, officers, employees, representatives, manufacturers, suppliers and agents have not engaged and will not engage in conduct in violation of such policies and procedures.

Changes in U.S. trade policy including the impact of tariffs are having and may continue to have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.

Our business and results of operations are being and may continue to be adversely affected by uncertainty and changes in U.S. trade policies, including tariffs, trade agreements or other trade restrictions which may be imposed by the U.S. or other governments with little or no advance notice. For example, the U.S. government recently imposed tariffs on various product imports from almost all countries. Some tariff announcements have been followed by the granting of limited exemptions and temporary pauses causing substantial uncertainty and volatility in financial markets. Current U.S. trade policy has and may continue to result in retaliatory measures on U.S. goods. Retaliatory tariffs that apply to our products could have a material adverse impact on demand for and purchases of our products. 

Some of our products require materials that may be subject to these recent tariffs. Any imposition of or increase in tariffs on imports of our products or components needed to manufacture our products, as well as corresponding price increases for such materials available domestically, could increase our costs. To the extent that we are unsuccessful in finding alternative suppliers that are subject to smaller or no tariffs, negotiating sharing these costs with our suppliers, or failing to pass cost

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increases on to our customers, such cost increases could adversely affect our business and results of operations. Higher costs could also inhibit our ability to develop new products and innovations.

If we are unable to navigate further these unpredictable changes in U.S. or international trade policy, it could have a material adverse impact on our business and results of operations.

Tariffs or other trade restrictions may lead to continuing uncertainty and volatility in U.S. and global financial and economic conditions and commodity markets, declining consumer confidence, significant inflation, and diminished expectations for the economy, and ultimately may reduce demand for our products. Such conditions could have a material adverse impact on our business, results of operations and cash flows.